Optimal Timing of TV Commercials: Symmetrical Model

نویسنده

  • Tomáš Kadlec
چکیده

In this paper I study the behavior of free-good producers (TV broadcasters) on a market where every consumer (TV viewer) perpetually makes a decision whether to consume and which product (TV channel) to consume contingent on the attractiveness of the currently consumed product. Every producer optimally allocates a time period where a product with higher attractiveness (TV program) is replaced by a product with lower attractiveness (advertising). While products with higher attractiveness represent producers’ costs, products with lower attractiveness bring in revenue that is proportional to the audience reach. I assume that consumers choose among products and the outside option following a Markov process where probabilities of transition reflect various attractiveness of the products. Given symmetrical positions of the producers, I prove that their optimal strategy is to put their commercial breaks into the same or very close times. For some setting of the parameters, the breaks will overlap perfectly. Given the perfect overlap, both broadcasters are better off if they fragment their breaks into shorter breaks keeping the total amount of commercial time the same. V tomto clánku studuji chování televizních stanic na trhu sledovanosti, kde se každý divák rozhoduje zda a kterou stanici sledovat v závislosti na atraktivite práve sledovaného programu. Každá z televizních stanic optimálne vybírá, ve kterém case produkt s vyšší atraktivitou (televizní program) nahradit produktem s nižší atraktivitou (reklama). Zatímco televizní program predstavuje náklad pro televizní stanici, reklama je zdrojem príjmu, které jsou úmerné její sledovanosti. Predpokládám, že diváci se pohybují mezi jednotlivými kanály a stavem, kdy televizi nesledují, náhodne podle Markovova procesu, ve kterém pravdepodobnosti prechodu odrážejí atraktivitu daného programu. Pokud jsou na trhu dve stanice a mají symetrické postavení, jejich optimální strategií je takové nacasování reklamy, pri kterém se jejich reklamní bloky prekrývají. Pro urcité nastavení parametru je optimální prekryv 100%-ní. Pri takovém prekryvu by navíc televizní stanice mely rozdelit svuj celkový reklamní cas do co nejmenších bloku. Acknowledgements: I am especially grateful to Prof. Avner Shaked for his critical and useful comments. The usual disclaimer applies. Address: CERGE-EI, Politických veznu 7, 111 21 Prague, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected]. CERGE-EI is a joint workplace of the Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education, Charles University, and the Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.

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تاریخ انتشار 2002